$A calm winter January sunset on Cayuga Lake NYS with approaching winter storm creates beautiful sunset colors and the start of a sun dog. Sun dogs, also known as mock Suns or false Suns, are dimmer, fuzzier copies of the Sun that appear to the left and right. They form when sunlight bends through hexagonal ice crystals high in the sky, especially when cirrus clouds are present. Sun dogs often display the colors of the rainbow (with reds facing toward the Sun and blues away from it). Depending on the sky conditions, you may only see one or two Sun dogs approximately 22 degrees away from the Sun. When there are more ice crystals in the atmosphere, Sun dogs can extend all the way around to create a full circle, a Sun halo. A sun halo usually means that rain or snow will occur within 24 hours, because the cirrostratus clouds that cause these halos usually mean a front is near. These ice crystals are contained in cirrostratus clouds that are located from 3 to 6 miles, in the upper troposphere. The shape and orientation of these crystals affect the appearance of the halo. Reflection and refraction control the shape of the sun halo, and dispersion of light waves affect the colors you see. Sun halos are generally considered rare and are formed by hexagonal ice crystals refracting light in the sky â 22 degrees from the sun. This is also commonly called a 22 degree halo. The optical phenomena prism effect is such that the rainbow colors go from red on the inside to violet on the outside.$

winter sunset and sun dog on cayuga lake before first snowstorm

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