vatican city, rome

name vatican use time roman republic ager vaticanus marshy area west bank tiber city rome located janiculum hill monte mario aventine confluence cremera creek 28 territory adjacent former fields peter 39aph39 basilica apostolic palace sistine chapel museums built buildings rione borgo 1929 separated river outcrop protected included walls leo 847a855 later expanded current fortification paul iii 1534a1549 pius 1559a1565 urban viii 1623a1644