the citadel of qaitbay, alexandria, egypt

citadel qaitbay located alexandria egypt historic fortress stands testament city#39aph39#s maritime heritage defensive prowess constructed 15th century reign sultan served stronghold potential naval threats features impressive walls watchtowers architectural elements reflect military engineering time years citadel#39aph39#s purpose evolved important landmark historical cultural reasons today offers visitors glimpse alexandria#39aph39#s providing panoramic views mediterranean sea city