present value on white paper

present value discount cash flow investment future rate analysis time calculation finance return risk equity assessment worth financial principle growth profit benefit estimation appraisal cashflow methodology cost earnings revenue forecasting period model valuation metrics interest opportunity comparison smoothing performance returns project capital scenario sensitivity calculation-methods discounting analysis-tools cash-valuation growth-rate time-value cash-equivalent investment-value estimation-techniques risk-analysis rate- -return investment-valuation net-present-value earnings-capitalization asset-valuation yield inflation financial-analysis future-value capitalization cash-discount economic appraisal-methods metrics-analysis framework cost-benefit