motacilla alba lugens chirping on the stone

abundant adaptation altricial avoidance biodiversity brooding calling camouflage carnivore common conservation display diving ecological ecosystem endemic feathers feeding fledgling flightless flocking foraging freshwater gliding grassland grooming habitat hatching herbivore hovering incubation invasive juvenile mating migration migratory molting monogamous movements nesting nestling nocturnal omnivore parasites parental perching plumage polygamous population precocial predation predator predators preening protection resident riparian rituals roosting seasonal shrubland soaring solitary swimming terrestrial territorial undefined vocalization wading wildlife