microscopic photo of a human neuron

neuron nerve cell cell body dendrites axon myelin sheath synapse neurotransmitter electrical signals action potential neural network neurotransmission nervous system gray matter white pathways synapse formation communication synaptic cleft transmission neuroplasticity plasticity circuits membrane resting sodium channels potassium ion depolarization repolarization hyperpolarization potential propagation sodium-potassium pump axon hillock dendritic spines vesicles neurotransmitter receptors postsynaptic membrane presynaptic motor neurons sensory interneurons central peripheral impulses firing encoding