lush mangrove forest ,mangrove ecosystem, root respiration through pneumatophores

39aph39 adaptation air alba anaerobic asian avicennia balance biodiversity biology breathes carbon coastal conservation dioxide ecological ecology ecosystem environment environmental erosion fauna flora forest green habitat indian life lush mangrove marine mud muddy natural nature officinalis perennial plant pneumatophores prevention protect protection resilience respiration root roots s sea shore shoreline soil sustainable thailand tree trees tropical vegetation water wetland