lush green chir pines (pinus roxburghii) with immature cones : (pix sanjiv shukla)

pinus roxburghii chir pine longleaf indian family pinaceae tree himalayas large trunk bark redbrown thick fissured leaves green needlelike fascicles yellowishgreen cones ovoid conic ripen glossy chestnutbrown forest fire seeds wing winddispersed low altitudes soil erosion needles floor environment resin timber forestry wood conifer tropical vessels fuel aromatic ornamental parks gardens rosin solvent tapped commercially essential oil turpentine pharmaceutical preparations perfume industry disinfectants insecticides denaturants synthesis terpene chemical tibet afghanistan pakistan india nepal bhutan