green circuit board with a black integrated circuit chip and various small electronic components

arrangement ball grid array bga package capacitors circuit components design circuitry closeup computer hardware concept copper traces current flow data processing transfer density detailed digital device electronics element engineering gadget internals integrated system invention microchip microelectronics microfabrication miniaturization mounting technology nanotechnology onboard chip pathways patterns pins printed board reliability resistors semiconductor silicon solder joints soldering surface mount test points textures wiring green black small electronic represents electrical