fusarium head blight (fhb): understanding the cereal crop threat and its impact on food security

fusarium head blight ear fhb barley fungal disease plant farming crop damage mycotoxin deoxynivalenol vomitoxin zearalenone trichothecene fumonisin pathology mycology symptoms infected kernels bleached spores microscopy microscopic fungi hyphae agricultural research science pest management control yield loss food safety security grain quality fungicide biological resistant varieties health impact economic environmental sustainable agriculture protection precision integrated cereal crops practices resistance contamination challenges global supply losses