florence roofs and cupola duomo cathedral

1296 1436 19th arnolfo basilica begun bordered brunelleschi built called cambio cathedral causing century church completed construction coverage cruise cupola design diagonal dome duomo elaborate emilio employed engineered english esterna ever exterior fabris faced famous faasect ade filippo fiore firenze florence flower formulated gothic green hypotheses inner italy largest longest main many marble maria mary masonry meters method ordinarily panels pink polychrome prevented remains revival ribs roofs saint santa shades size structurally style technique traditional various were white with world