extensive forest fire with heavy dark smoke in tropical forest. cause of deforestation.

extensive forest fire heavy dark smoke tropical cause deforestation wildfire climate change drought human activity illegal logging slashandburn agriculture landuse degradation fragmentation management conservation restoration ecosystem biodiversity carbon emissions air pollution respiratory problems wildlife habitat loss soil erosion water services natural disaster emergency response firefighting monitoring satellite imagery gis mapping early warning system community participation indigenous knowledge sustainable certification policy law enforcement governance international cooperation financing research education awareness advocacy