ecology ecosystem traffic sign on blue sky

ecosystem ecology biodiversity habitat species conservation sustainability climate environment population pollution food chain carbon cycle photosynthesis energy flow adaptation invasive decomposition biomass services natural resources water deforestation balance herbivore carnivore primary producers decomposers mutualism commensalism parasitism predation competition nutrient cycling photosynthetic organisms abiotic factors biotic ecological succession carrying capacity health footprint trophic levels marine ecosystems terrestrial ecotourism overfishing fragmentation endangered renewable greenhouse gases sustainable development urbanization control restoration rain global warming change ocean acidification reforestation wildlife protection stability air overpopulation