cedar apple rust - gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae

cedar connecticut england juniperus agriculture apple basidiospores biodiversity bloom crabapple crop destructive disease disfiguring eastern farm farming fungi fungicide fungus gall gymnosporangium hawthorn horns identification infected infection juniper juniperivirginianae life orange plant prevention pruning quince rain red rust science spring swollen telial teliospores tree virginiana