butkara 1 stupa in swat valley, pakistan. it may have been built by the mauryan emperor ashoka, but it is generally dated slightly

archaeological architecture civilization pakhtunkhwa historical archeology generally religious discovery monastery pakistan buddhist buddhism heritage gandhara malakand uddiyana landmark historic butkara mauryan emperor century mingora history culture ancient buddist antique valley ashoka buddha temple khyber stupa built dated later asoka stone rocks great swat site dome ruin asia kara may 2nd bce old art