a pouch of nepenthes held in one hand in borneo's pristine forest

absorption adaptation alata ants biodiversity biotic borneo botanical camouflage capture carnivorous carnivory coloration conservation curiosity digestive diversity ecology endangered enzymes evolution fascination fluid flypaper habitat hybridization indonesia insect insectivorous interactions lanka leaves lid madagascar malaysia mechanism modified morphology nectar nepenthes nutrient philippines pitcher plants predator-prey prey rainforest rajah relationship research sri structures sumatra symbiosis tendrils trapdoor traps tropical unique ventricosa vine